Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month
March is Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, dedicated to education, prevention and early detection of one of the most common cancers in America. Although one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, screening can find precancerous changes before cancer ever develops.
What Is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer begins in the colon or rectum, usually starting as small growths called polyps. Over time, some polyps can turn into cancer. Because this process is often slow, there is a valuable window of opportunity to detect and remove them early. In its initial stages, colorectal cancer may cause no symptoms at all, which is why routine screening saves lives.
Who Should Be Screened?
Guidelines recommend that average-risk adults begin screening at age 45. Some people may need to start earlier, especially if they have a family history of colorectal cancer or advanced polyps, a personal history of inflammatory bowel disease or certain genetic syndromes. If you’re unsure about your risk level, your primary care provider can help determine the right schedule.
Colorectal Cancer Screening Options
There are several effective screening methods, and the best test is the one that gets done. A colonoscopy allows a physician to examine the entire colon and remove polyps at the same time. It is typically repeated every 10 years if results are normal. At home tests can detect hidden blood or abnormal DNA. These are convenient and noninvasive but must be done more frequently and an abnormal result will require a follow-up with a colonoscopy. Each method has advantages. Talking with your doctor can help you decide which option fits your preferences and medical history.
Know the Warning Signs
While many people have no early symptoms, contact your doctor if you notice changes in your bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea), bloody stool, persistent abdominal discomfort, unexplained weight loss or fatigue. These symptoms don’t always mean cancer, but they should never be ignored.
Prevention Matters Too
Lifestyle choices can influence risk. Regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol, avoiding tobacco and eating a diet rich in fiber, fruits and vegetables may all help reduce the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer.